Denmark holds a leading position within a number of research areas. This position represents a substantial source of income for Danish economy, and it often contributes to solving global challenges, for example in connection with green transition and health. At the same time, it makes Danish research institutions are attractive targets for foreign state espionage.
High-tech and defence-related focus areas
Foreign states are particularly interested in high-tech and defence-related areas, in particular energy technology, biotechnology, quantum technology, space technology, robotics, defence products and products subject to export control. The fact that a number of Danish research areas and products can be used for both civilian and military purposes, often referred to as “dual use”, only makes the problems even more complex.
Methods for collecting Danish research
Various actors attempt to gain access to the latest research results and technologies within these areas by using many different methods, ranging from legal to illegal ones. They often lie in the difficult grey zone and are generally used in complex combinations.
Consequences
If foreign states gain unwanted access to our pioneering research, this may have serious security-political consequences. It is essential to protect the freedom and safety we enjoy - also when it comes to engaging in scientific work. Furthermore, there is an ethical dimension and economic dilemmas.
The future collaborations and financing of research institutions may be affected negatively, and it may become more difficult for an individual to be rightfully accredited or apply for a patent.
Example: Green technology knowledge passed on to a foreign intelligence service
In 2020, a Russian citizen living in Denmark was convicted of espionage and sentenced to three years’ imprisonment. For a number of years, he had provided a Russian intelligence service with green technology information. This had taken place during his time as a PhD student at the Technical University of Denmark and while he was working at a company in North Jutland.